Essentials of Medical Microbiology and Immunology

Description

Immunology is the scientific study of how we defend against and react to foreign macromolecules and invaders. Viral, bacterial, protozoal, or even more powerful parasitic invaders are some of them. In addition, we produce immune responses against our own proteins in autoimmunity and our abnormal cells in tumor immunity. Innate immune responses defend the body, but they can only combat diseases that exhibit specific molecular patterns or cause the release of interferons and other non-specific defenses. Furthermore, since they function through genome-coded receptors, they prevent the formation of memories. Studying microorganisms or small-scale creatures is what microbiology is all about. Unfortunately, the naked human eye cannot distinguish these organisms because they are too small. The eye can only discern faint details in objects with a diameter of 1 mm or more and cannot discern anything with a diameter of less than 0.1 mm. Microorganisms serve society by converting waste materials into life-supporting chemicals and purifying wasted materials. Historically, they have worked as tiny factories to create cheese and antibiotics. The development of biotechnology has also allowed microorganisms to be modified to create a wide range of goods for human benefit. But microorganisms have also significantly harmed populations of humans, animals, and plants through disease, food spoilage, crop and structure destruction, and fouling. Understanding and interpreting the key contemporary topics in the fields of microbiology and immunology is the primary goal of this book.