Mechanism of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants

Description

Abiotic pressures account for more than 25% of crop losses yearly, and biotic stresses have a smaller impact on agricultural plants. Abiotic stressors that negatively affect plant development and productivity include drought, extremely high or low temperatures, heavy metal toxicity, and excessive salt. Global agrarian welfare has been hampered by the current climate change scenario, which has decreased the groundwater table and increased the amount of land that cannot be used for crop production. Therefore, finding ways and means to enable an agrarian to sustain his way of life is vital. We shall examine numerous facets of plant abiotic stress tolerance in this sense. The demand for agricultural productivity to feed the globe in the following decades is seriously threatened by abiotic stress. Stress situations cause plants to slow down their growth and development, ultimately impacting output. Plants generate various stress defense systems to deal with the severity of stress challenges, but those defenses are insufficient to safeguard them. Therefore, various techniques have been employed to breed crop plants that can withstand abiotic stress. Abscisic acid (ABA) phytohormone engineering may be one of the best approaches. An isoprenoid phytohormone called ABA regulates a wide range of physiological functions, from protein storage to stomatal opening, and it helps plants adapt to varied challenges, including drought, salt, and cold. One of the main variables affecting crop yield is salinity. A large number of genes are involved in the highly complicated responses of plants to salinity. It has been challenging to comprehend properly how plants react to salinity because of its multigenicity. In order to better understand the injury and tolerance mechanisms and the consequent development of crop genotypes for abiotic stresses, I think this book will be more helpful to students and researchers, especially plant breeders and biotechnologists as botanists.